Selecting an Indicator for a Redox Titration
The most important class of indicators for redox titrations are substances that do not participate in the redox titration, but whose oxidized and reduced forms differ in color. When we add a […]
Image and Video Exchange
Get a look at images, photos, videos, and animations that encompass many facets of teaching and learning about analytical chemistry.
Equivalence Points for Redox Titrations
For an acid–base titration or a complexometric titration, the equivalence point is almost identical to the inflection point near the middle of the steeply rising part of the titration curve, which makes […]
Spectrophotometric Titrations
If at least one species in a complexation titration absorbs electromagnetic radiation, we can identify the end point by monitoring the titrand’s absorbance at a carefully selected wavelength. For example, we can […]
Limitations to Acid-Base Titrations
In an acid–base titration the volume of titrant needed to reach the equivalence point is proportional to the moles of titrand. Because the pH of the titrand or the titrant is a […]
Determining an Acid Dissociation Constant from a Titration
Another application of acid–base titrimetry is the determination of equilibrium constants. Consider, for example, a solution of acetic acid, CH3COOH, for which the dissociation constant is Ka = [H3O+][CH3COO–]/[CH3COOH] When the concentrations […]
Finding the Equivalence Point From a Titration Curve
An alternative to using a visual indicator to locate a titration’s end point is to continuously monitor the titration’s progress using a sensor whose signal is a function of the analyte’s concentration. […]
Visual Indicators for Acid-Base Titrations
The illustration below shows the relationship between pH and an indicator’s color. The ladder diagram defines pH values where each of the indicator’s two forms the weak acid form, HIn, which in […]
Thermometric Titration Curve
An acid-base reaction is exothermic, which means we can follow the titration by monitoring the titration mixture’s temperature as a function of the volume of titrant added. A typical thermometric titration curve […]
Strong Acid–Strong Base Titration Curve
Typical acid–base titration curve showing how the titrand’s pH changes with the addition of titrant. The titrand is a 25.0 mL solution of 0.100 M HCl and the titrant is 0.100 M […]